Liminal Spaces in Urban Places: What is the Design Toolkit Providing Quality of Refuge in Cities? Part 2 Dissertation 2018 Ruzha Sirmanova University of Huddersfield | UK Recent political crises brought waves of refugees to Europe. Focused on Sheffield’s London and Abbeydale Roads area, this study explores the urban spaces that refugees and asylum-seekers inhabit: what spatial tactics they employ, and what opportunities the existing urban fabric offers. The study finds that design, particularly the area’s Victorian housing, and local planning legislation, play significant roles in granting newcomers the right to imagine the city as their own. Ruzha Sirmanova Tutor(s) Hazem ZiadaMr Gerard Bareham